NORWAY
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The organization of ICDP is registered in Norway,
with an international board of directors, led by professor Karsten
Hundeide. He began developing ICDP in 1985, together with Henning
Rye, another professor from Oslo University, although the ICDP programme
was formulated much later and the organisation was not founded until
1992.
During 1991-1992 an ICDP project developed in Bergen
linked to health stations. Primary health nurses were trained in
ICDP and they implemented the programme with families with young
children. This was also a research study conducted by a team of
professionals from the Bergen University, which positively evaluated
the impact of ICDP on participant mothers.
In 1996, ICDP
started to be involved in different training programs funded by the
Ministry for Families and Children, gradually reaching several networks
working with families and children in the country.
During 2001 a research project was set up in 4 schools
that tested out the applicability of the ICDP program for use in
schools. Teachers were trained in ICDP and also participated in
reflective forums that included analysis of filmed interactions
showing their performance in the class and enabling them to construct
better solutions for the future. The results were very positive,
particularly in improving teachers’ conceptions about pupils
in their care.
During 2002 there were follow up courses for those already trained
and the pilot project in schools was successfully concluded. A new
research project was set up in which the ICDP methodology was used
to offer support to the minority population, involving families
from Pakistan, Somalia and Sri Lanka. For this work the ICDP manuals
were adapted and training procedures were revised.
During 2003 an extra module was added to the ICDP
materials dealing with multicultural background issues in child
development and a DVD was produced directed towards caregivers with
different ethnic backgrounds. In Oslo 20 professionals of mixed
background, including preschool teachers, psychologists and child
care workers, completed training at facilitator level and in Bergen
30 teachers working with special needs children were trained. During
2003 there was also a two day refresher workshop for 55 trainers,
who came from all over Norway to share their experiences and to
be updated on the ICDP programme.
During 2004 further training took place in Drammen,
Stavanger and Oslo. Over 100 people, 50 Norwegian and 50 from different
minority groups, were trained as ICDP Facilitators. A new manual
and DVD were produced. The ICDP booklet for caregivers, containing
the 8 guidelines for good interaction was adapted with culturally
relevant photos and translated in Urdu, Somali, Arabic, Turkish
and Tamil. The ICDP model of training proved to be successful and
it is planned to spread to parents from minority groups in a number
of other Norwegian cities. Several more ICDP projects developed
during 2004: A research study was set up working with Somali mothers
and children in social care. Another research study is taking place
in Oslo where social workers are trained to deliver the program
to Norwegian parents and children in social care. ICDP is also being
implemented with parents in an Oslo prison. In addition, ICDP is
being planned as a national program for parents through the Ministry
for Children and Family Affairs and one ICDP trainer is employed
by the Ministry.
With the support of the Ministry for Children and
Family Affairs, ICDP has developed a wide country program with ICDP
projects reaching several different target groups. The overall supervision
is by Karsten Hundeide and Henning Rye:
1. The project for families from different ethnic
minority groups started in 2003. By the end of 2005, one hundred
facilitators had been trained in the cities of Oslo, Drammen and
Stavanger. A new project is building on the work done so far, taking
ICDP to other cities, starting with Bergen and Trondheim and then
to some smaller cities on the west coast. Some of the facilitators
are being trained to the level of trainers in order to create a
larger team leading the ICDP work with families from different minority
groups. The ICDP model will be used with refugee families also.
The project leader is psychologist Mona Hannestad.
2. The objective of the project ‘ethnic minority
families with children under child protection’ is both to
adapt the program and to investigate its potential use for this
highly vulnerable group. At the centre of the project are four families
from different ethnic minority groups, all with children under child
protection. These families are participating in the ICDP sensitization
program and they will be investigated as case studies with a qualitative
methodology. This project has started with a group of mothers from
Somalia and is led by Mona Hannestad.
3. The idea of this pilot project, ‘families
in general whose children are under child protection’, is
to adapt the ICDP program for working with children and parents
in vulnerable life situations. The implementation of the ICDP program
through systems related to child protection appears to be one of
the more challenging tasks. ICDP's format of working with parents
in groups represents a new model and it is fulfilling the many requests
for parents' guidance. The project leaders are two ICDP trainers,
psychologist Ingeborg Egebjerg, and Clinical pedagogue Janni Eriksen.
4. ICDP trainer Hilde Tørnes is leading the
‘project for families with special needs children’.
She is the psychological and educational advisor at the Bergen municipality
office. The project is adapting ICDP as an intervention program
for use in kindergartens and schools, focusing on families with
special needs children. During 2005, in Ytrebygda district, 3 trainers
completed their training to be accredited in 2006. During this process,
they trained 18 new facilitators who were accredited as ICDP facilitators
during the spring 2005. The training of another 20 facilitators
started in 2005 and will finish in the spring 2006. Most of the
facilitators work with ICDP in relation to kindergarten staff and
have conducted their self -training there. In spring and in autumn
the pedagogical and psychological services and the child health
center, as well as Skrantvatnet school, conducted conversation groups
for parents with children between 3-6 years. The Søreide
school ran a conversation group for staff at SFO (after school service).
5. The project ‘parents in prison’ was
launched by The Ministry of Justice in cooperation with the Ministry
for Children and Family Affairs with the aim of applying the ICDP
program inside the Norwegian prison system all over the country.
The prison staff receive ICDP training and use the program to sensitize
parents living inside the prisons, offering these parents an opportunity
to develop and reflect on their role as parents. Many of the prisoners
have regular contact with their children, and the idea is to assist
parents to help their own children cope with the difficult life
situation they are faced with, as well as to focus on improving
relational issues. The project is lead by psychologist Ingeborg
Egebjerg, and the coordinator for the program of parental guidance
is Grete Flakk.
6. An evaluation project is currently being prepared
by Karsten Hundeide to measure the impact of ICDP on some selected
target groups in Norway.
7. A project adapting ICDP for the care of the elderly
in institutions in Oslo and Alicante in Spain has been prepared.
The coordinator is Angelica Majos, supported by Martin Waage and
Helen Andresen.
SCANDINAVIAN
NETWORK
The ICDP Scandinavian Network was formed in 2002,
including Norway, Sweden and Denmark. The network members are trainers
from the 3 countries who come together at regular yearly meetings
to exchange experiences and new developments.
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